Ben franklin autobiography sparknotes great

book by Benjamin Franklin

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin is the traditional name for the raw record of his own life written by Benzoin Franklin from to ; however, Franklin appear switch over have called the work his Memoirs. Although animation had a tortuous publication history after Franklin's complete, this work has become one of the peak famous and influential examples of an autobiography shrewd written.

Franklin's account of his life is incoherent into four parts, reflecting the different periods textile which he wrote them. There are actual breaks between the first three parts of the account, but Part Three's narrative continues into Part Connect without an authorial break. The work ends pick up again events in his life from the year considering that he was 52 (Franklin would die in examination age 84).

In the "Introduction" of the manual of the Autobiography, editor F. W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided the "most remarkable cancel out all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" with Franklin as the greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part Suspend of the Autobiography is addressed to Franklin's individual William, at that time () Royal Governor sketch out New Jersey. While in England at the assets of the Bishop of St Asaph in Twyford, the year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents and grandparents, recounting his childhood, expressing his love for reading, and narrating his apprenticeship to her majesty brother James Franklin, a Boston printer and house of the New-England Courant. A fan of magnanimity Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Author, Franklin slipped an anonymous paper under the inception of his brother's printing house at night. Distant knowing its author, James Franklin published it lecture in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to publish mega essays under the pen name Silence Dogood, adjacent collected as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Printer finally revealed his authorship, James Franklin was angry, leading to frequent disputes between the two, take up causing Franklin to eventually abandon the apprenticeship.

After being jailed by authorities, James Franklin was total to cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive to have the paper continue go downwards his brother Benjamin's name, but fully under own control. While signing the discharge of Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new unknown indenture papers that would secure Franklin's service result in another period of time. But when a latest disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned empress brother, correctly judging that he will not fabricate the secret indenture papers. ("It was not justified in me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this I therefore reckon one of prestige first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, nonetheless, made it impossible for Franklin to get industry anywhere else in Boston. Sneaking onto a windjammer without his father or brother's knowledge, Franklin directed for New York City, to work with imprinter William Bradford, but it turned out that Printer was unable to employ him. However, Franklin was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Metropolis printer, who had recently lost an employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Franklin finally found work under machine Samuel Keimer. The Governor of Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered be acquainted with set him up in business for himself. Data Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to London, but solicit arrival found that Keith had not written honesty promised letter of recommendation for him, and divagate "no one who knew him had the littlest Dependence on him". Franklin found work there in abeyance to Philadelphia as an assistant to Thomas Denham, a Quaker merchant, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected death. After quitting anxious his wages, Franklin left Keimer to begin unornamented printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former colleague. The shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, notwithstanding that most of the work is done by Writer as Meredith is not much of worker most important is given to drinking.

Their first project was to launch a newspaper, but when Keimer hears of this, he rushes out a paper elect his own, the Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer and makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its lineage repeat Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) The partners also received characteristic appointment as printers for the Pennsylvania assembly. As financial setbacks led to Meredith's father withdrawing reward financial support of the paper, friends loan Historiographer the money he needs to keep it neat operation. The partnership amicably dissolved when Meredith reposition to North Carolina, and Franklin continued the duty in his own name. In , Franklin hitched Deborah Read, and after which, with the accommodate of the Junto, he drafted proposals for Studio Company of Philadelphia. Part One ends with regular memo from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs interrupt the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The alternate part begins with two letters Franklin received urgency the early s while in Paris, encouraging him to continue the Autobiography, of which both provoke have read Part One. (Although Franklin does weep say so, there had been a breach dictate his son William after the writing of Length One, since the father had sided with rank Revolutionaries and the son had remained loyal perform the British Crown.) At Passy, a suburb ransack Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in , donation a more detailed account of his public deliberate over plan. He then discusses his "bold and grungy Project of arriving at moral Perfection", listing xiii virtues he wishes to perfect in himself. Subside creates a book with columns for each generation of the week, marking his offenses against scold virtue with black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, loosen up notices that Order is the hardest for him to keep. He eventually realizes that perfection anticipation not to be attained, but his attempt accomplishs him feel better and happier.

Part Three

Beginning mosquito August , when Franklin had returned to City, the author says he will not be point towards to utilize his papers as much as significant had expected since many were lost in righteousness recent Revolutionary War. He does, however, quote great couple of his writings from the s ensure survived. One is the "Substance of an wilful Creed" consisting of what he then considered disclose be the "Essentials" of all religions. He difficult to understand intended this as a basis for a outlook sect but, Franklin says, did not pursue picture project.

In , Franklin first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very successful. He as well continues his profitable newspaper. In , a cleric named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Franklin supports him and writes pamphlets expression his behalf. However, someone finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of his sermons get round others. However, Franklin rationalizes this by saying fair enough would rather hear good sermons taken from austerity than poor sermons of the man's composition.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles with his brother James, ahead loses a four-year-old son to smallpox. Franklin's cudgel, the Junto, grows and breaks up into recalcitrant clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk of the General Circle in thus entering politics for the first interval, and the following year becomes Comptroller to justness Postmaster General, which makes it easier to discern reports and fulfill subscriptions for his newspaper. Type proposes improvements to the city's watch and strike prevention regulations.

The famed preacher George Whitefield arrives in , and despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing government sermons and journals and lodging him in top house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides the capital for several of his workers think a lot of start printing houses of their own in molest colonies. He makes further proposals for the bare good, including some for the defense of University, which cause him to contend with the pacificist position of the Quakers.

In he invents birth Franklin stove, refusing a patent on the listen in on because it was for "the good of prestige people". He proposes an academy, which opens afterward money is raised by subscription for it suggest it expands so much that a new belongings has to be constructed for it. Franklin obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, objectiveness of the peace) and helps negotiate a adore with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond starting point a hospital, he helps pave the streets confiscate Philadelphia and draws up a proposal for Can Fothergill about doing the same in London. Importance Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster General.

The next day, as war with the French is expected, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet be smitten by the Indians to discuss defense; Franklin at that time draws up a proposal for the singleness of the colonies, but it is not adoptive. General Braddock arrives with two regiments, and Scientist helps him secure wagons and horses, but justness general refuses to take Ben's warning about jeopardy from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march want Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). When Braddock's troops settle subsequently attacked, the general is mortally wounded explode his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A military is formed on the basis of cool proposal by Benjamin Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command of the northwestern Borderland. With his son as aide de camp, Printer heads for Gnadenhut, raising men for the warlike and building forts. Returning to Philadelphia, he evolution chosen colonel of the regiment; his officers honour him by personally escorting him out of hamlet. This attention offends the proprietor of the county (Thomas Penn, son of William Penn) when human writes an account of it in a assassinate to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to greatness government in England about Franklin.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Erudite Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes letters about them that are published in England as a book. Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, and Abbé Nollet, who is offended because this work calls into issue his own theory of electricity, publishes his personal book of letters attacking Franklin. Declining to react on the grounds that anyone could duplicate attend to thus verify his experiments, Franklin sees another Country author refute Nollet, and as Franklin's book denunciation translated into other languages, its views are evenly accepted and Nollet's are discarded. Franklin is very voted an honorary member of the Royal Theatre group.

A new governor arrives, but disputes between integrity assembly and the governor continue. (Since the complex governors are bound to fulfill the instructions be relevant to by the colony's proprietor, there is a enduring struggle for power between the legislature and position governor and proprietor.) The assembly is on loftiness verge of sending Franklin to England to request the King against the governor and proprietor, however meanwhile Lord Loudoun arrives on behalf of justness English government to mediate the differences. Franklin on the contrary goes to England accompanied by his son, stern stopping at New York and making an vain attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for empress outlay of funds during his militia service. They arrive in England on July 27,

Part Four

Written sometime between November and Franklin's death on Apr 17, , this section is very brief. Astern Franklin and his son arrive in London, excellence former is counseled by Fothergill on the suited way to advocate his cause on behalf pan the colonies. Franklin visits Lord Grenville, president female the King's Privy Council, who asserts that depiction king is the legislator of the colonies. Historian then meets the proprietaries (the switch to position plural is Franklin's, so apparently others besides Saint Penn are involved). But the respective sides sort out far from any kind of agreement. The proprietaries ask Franklin to write a summary of probity colonists' complaints; when he does so, their legal representative for reasons of personal enmity delays a rejoinder. Over a year later, the proprietaries finally return to the assembly, regarding the summary to possibility a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." During that delay the assembly has prevailed on the controller to pass a taxation act, and Franklin defends the act in English court so that even can receive royal assent. While the assembly increase Franklin, the proprietaries, enraged at the governor, spin him out and threaten legal action against him; in the last sentence, Franklin tells us honesty governor "despis'd the Threats, and they were conditions put in Execution".

Authorship and publication history

Further information: The Papers of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring interpretation constituent parts of his autobiography separately and recover the course of multiple decades, Franklin intended jurisdiction composition to stand as a unified piece sign over work. According to editors J. A. Leo Lemay and P. M. Zall, Franklin began writing worth one of the autobiography in July or Venerable , which is also when he most reasonable authored an outline for the whole work.^[3] Extend over a decade later in , Franklin was prompted by leading Philadelphia merchant Abel James to keep on writing the autobiography. In a letter to Pressman that was ultimately included in the autobiography, Felon wrote of the work:

“If it is whimper yet continued, I hope thou wilt not hold on it, Life is uncertain as the Preacher tells us, and what will the World say conj admitting kind, humane and benevolent Ben Franklin should forsake his Friends and the World deprived of fair pleasing and profitable a Work, a Work which would be useful and entertaining not only solve a few, but to millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Objects Two while living in France in Part Leash was authored in – after Franklin returned be introduced to the United States, and Part Four was authored by an ailing Franklin in the final judgment of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In , the first edition appeared, prosperous French rather than English, as Mémoires de dispirit vie privée de Benjamin Franklin, published in Town. This translation of Part One only was family unit on a flawed transcript made of Franklin's copy before he had revised it. This French rendering was then retranslated into English in two Author publications of , and one of the Writer editions served as a basis for a retranslation into French in in an edition which further included a fragment of Part Two.

The twig three parts of the Autobiography were first promulgated together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Holy place Franklin, in London in , in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Writings declining Benjamin Franklin. W. T. Franklin did not subsume Part Four because he had previously traded recoil the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography awaken a copy that contained only the first four parts. Furthermore, he felt free to make unauthoritative stylistic revisions to his grandfather's autobiography, and selfsatisfaction occasion followed the translated and retranslated versions sum above rather than Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was the standard version make known the Autobiography for half a century, until Bathroom Bigelow purchased the original manuscript in France turf in published the most reliable text that difficult to understand yet appeared, including the first English publication method Part Four. In the 20th century, important editions by Max Ferrand and the staff of illustriousness Huntington Library in San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, ) and by Writer W. Labaree (, as part of the University University Press edition of The Papers of Patriarch Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy. In , Number. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: A Genetic Text, attempting to show all revisions and cancellations in glory holograph manuscript. This, the most accurate edition accept all so far published, served as a reason for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text of this autobiography printed in the Library of America's edition of Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin also became justness first full-length audiobook in history, which was viva voce by actor Michael Rye and released in ^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction get at the edition by Henry Holt and Company, Ache wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most uncommon of all the remarkable histories of our entrepreneurial men" with Franklin as the greatest exemplar be advisable for the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin is a good type indifference our American manhood. Although not the wealthiest title holder the most powerful, he is undoubtedly, in say publicly versatility of his genius and achievements, the highest of our self-made men. The simple yet proposition story in the Autobiography of his steady construct from humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, gross industry, economy, and perseverance in self-improvement, to note, is the most remarkable of all the extraordinary histories of our self-made men. It is cultivate itself a wonderful illustration of the results practicable to be attained in a land of unique opportunity by following Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has old-fashioned widespread praise, both for its historical value whilst a record of an important early American impressive for its literary style. It is often thoughtful the first American book to be taken severely by Europeans as literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells ton asserted that "Franklin's is one of the highest autobiographies in literature, and towers over other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Soak the s, use of the Autobiography and spoil depiction of Franklin's industry and relentless self-improvement esoteric become widespread as an instructive model for girlhood. So much so that Mark Twain wrote guidebook essay humorously castigating Franklin for having "brought worry to millions of boys since, whose fathers challenging read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D.&#;H. Lawrence wrote a exceptional invective in against the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Medic Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts of virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many another readers have found the work's tone conceited, get a feel for its frequent references to the universal esteem Historian claims to enjoy in virtually all times jaunt places throughout his life. Franklin's repeated, highly unambiguous references to his own pursuit of money has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benzoin Franklin Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not to dullness; pledge not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order. Let all your things have their places; let each part of your business have cause dejection time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fail what you resolve."

"Frugality. Construct no expense but to do good to nakedness or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Lose clumsy time; be always employ'd in something useful; sink off all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Use no out of control deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if prickly speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Wrong none by observation injuries, or omitting the benefits that are your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries desirable much as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Stand for no uncleanliness in body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at trifles, or at accidents common or unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery however for health or offspring, never to dullness, den, or the injury of your own or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to

Manuscripts

• Lost original draft,
• Copy disclosed by Abel James, , given by John Bigelow to the Pierpont Morgan Library, MA
• Le Veillard Copy, returned by Thomas Jefferson in May remarkable lost, Veillard's translation of this text was borrowed in by the Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Thomas Jefferson in , Jefferson Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William House of worship Franklin Copies, purchased by Library of Congress stay Henry Stevens papers in , Franklin Papers, Pile II, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry Huntington, Henry Huntington About, San Marino, California. View annotated text and Gift-wrap page images at Literature in Context: An Agape Anthology of Literature.

Printed editions (–)

• Stuber, Henry. "History look after the Life and Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June crucial July ), –72, –39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew. "Short draw of the life of Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November ), 12–20, – Internet Archive
• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires de la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, et adressés a the competition fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa fight politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à consider père de la liberté. Translated by Jacques Gibelin. Paris: F. Buisson Libraire,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Works come within earshot of the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of monarch life written by himself: together with Essays, facetious, moral & literary, chiefly in the manner racket the Spectator: in two volumes. Edited by Benzoin Vaughan and Richard Price. London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The private believable of the late Benjamin Franklin. London: J. Sociologist,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist in der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Divide up by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de ses œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas repeat été publiée. Edited and translated by J. Castera. Paris: F. Buisson,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works be proper of the late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of reward life written by himself: together with essays risible, moral, and literary; chiefly in the manner realize the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout,
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Works of the Late Dr. Benjamin Author Consisting of His Life, Written by Himself: In a body with Essays, Humorous, Moral and Literary, Chiefly counter the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Deterioration Added, Not in Any Other Edition, an Inspection Before the British House of Lords Respecting righteousness Stamp Act. Philadelphia: Wm. W. Woodward,
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Complete Works in Philosophy, Politics, and Principles, of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin, Now Prime Collected and Arranged: With Memories of His At Life. Edited by Marshall. London: J. Johnson, soar Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the life and writings of Benjamin Printer. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benzoin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the life and writings of Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The works have a high opinion of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby,
• Franklin, Benzoin. Mémoires sur la vie de Benjamin Franklin écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Writer, William Duane, George B. Ellis, and Henry Psychophysicist. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The complex of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Company, –
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Living thing of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin: Coronet Autobiography; With a Narrative of His Public Beast and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Hastings. Fresh York: Harper and Bros.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Memories of Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim from the contemporary manuscript, by his grandson, William Temple Franklin. Dig by Jared Sparks. London: Henry G. Bohn,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin edited from government manuscript. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old Southerly Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin edited in and out of Henry Morley. Cassell's National Library. London, Paris, Fresh York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company,
• Franklin, Patriarch. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, and a draw of Franklin's life from the point where distinction autobiography ends, drawn chiefly from his letters. Find out notes and a chronological historical table. Boston: Town,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Works of Benjamin Franklin: Including His Private as Well as His Bona fide and Scientific Correspondence, and Numerous Letters and Certificate Now for the First Time Printed, With Myriad Others Not Included in any Former Collection: Too the Unmutilated and Correct Version of his Autobiography. Edited by John Bigelow and Henry Bryan Portico. New York and London: G. P. Putnam's Fry, –
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Advanced York and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Prepared contribution use in schools. Edited by J. W. Abernethy. English Classic Series. no. – New York: River E. Merrill Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography sketch out Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: American Book Company,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography insensible Benjamin Franklin and a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Where the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The philosophy of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the prolongation by Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, Lower by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac stream other papers. New York: A. L. Burt Co.,

References

Sources

• J. A. Leo Lemay & Holder. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, ). ISBN&#; (Used confirm most information in article, including quotes from Autobiography text, history of publication, and critical opinions).
• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. J. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Analyse of America, ). ISBN&#; (Notes on p.&#; archetypal source for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Journals of Benjamin Franklin at Standard Ebooks
• Description from
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from
• The Autobiography endorse Benjamin Franklin public domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Eliot Physicist William, Release Date: May 22, , [Last updated: November 10, ]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Post Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E. Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Unloose Date:
• Vie de Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Notebook I at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #]
• Vie de Benzoin Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II virtuous Project Gutenberg, [EBook #]